SCI 8, held at the University of Virginia Library in Charlottesville, Virginia, July 14-16, 2010, focused on exploring forms of publication that take advantage of new affordances of digital technologies, both for research and for representing knowledge. The meeting gathered scholars experimenting with new venues for the dissemination and assessment of scholarship online. The goal of this Institute was to identify the publishing needs of such scholars and to articulate the new forms of scholarly publishing—beyond digital versions of analog monographs and journals— suitable for their work. Though we did not focus on issues of validating and credentialing per se, we addressed them as appropriate, understanding that publishers rely on a community of expert scholars to determine what scholarship merits publication.